diff --git a/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/KBDFILES.map b/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/KBDFILES.map
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..81617e3da6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/KBDFILES.map
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+# $FreeBSD$
+
+ISO8859-15	be.iso.kbd			be.kbd
+ISO8859-15	be.iso.acc.kbd			be.acc.kbd
+
+ISO8859-5	bg.bds.ctrlcaps.kbd		bg.bds.kbd
+ISO8859-5	bg.phonetic.ctrlcaps.kbd	bg.bds.ctrlcaps.kbd
+
+ISO8859-1	br275.iso.kbd			br.kbd
+ISO8859-1	br275.iso.acc.kbd		br.acc.kbd
+CP850		br275.cp850.kbd			br.kbd.from-cp850
+
+CP1131		by.cp1131.kbd			by.kbd.from-cp1131
+CP1251		by.cp1251.kbd			by.kbd.from-cp1251
+ISO8859-5	by.iso5.kbd			by.kbd.from-iso5
+
+ISO8859-2	ce.iso2.kbd			centraleuropean.kbd
+
+ISO8859-1	colemak.iso15.acc.kbd		colemak.kbd
+
+ISO8859-2	cs.latin2.qwertz.kbd		cz.kbd
+ISO8859-2	cz.iso2.kbd			cz.kbd.from-ce
+
+ISO8859-15	danish.iso.kbd			dk.kbd
+ISO8859-15	danish.iso.acc.kbd		dk.acc.kbd
+CP865		danish.cp865.kbd		dk.kbd.from-cp865
+ISO8859-1	danish.iso.macbook.kbd		dk.macbook.kbd
+
+ISO8859-1	dutch.iso.acc.kbd		nl.kbd
+
+ISO8859-15	eee_nordic.kbd			nordic.asus-eee.kbd
+
+ISO8859-7	el.iso07.kbd			gr.kbd
+
+ISO8859-1	estonian.iso.kbd		ee.kbd.from-iso1
+ISO8859-15	estonian.iso15.kbd		ee.kbd
+CP850		estonian.cp850.kbd		ee.kbd.from-cp850
+
+ISO8859-15	finnish.iso.kbd			fi.kbd
+CP850		finnish.cp850.kbd		fi.kbd.from-cp850
+
+ISO8859-15	fr.iso.kbd			fr.kbd
+ISO8859-15	fr.iso.acc.kbd			fr.acc.kbd
+ISO8859-15	fr.macbook.acc.kbd		fr.macbook.kbd
+ISO8859-1	fr.dvorak.kbd			fr.dvorak.kbd
+ISO8859-15	fr.dvorak.acc.kbd		fr.dvorak.acc.kbd
+
+ISO8859-15	fr_CA.iso.acc.kbd		ca-fr.kbd
+
+ISO8859-15	german.iso.kbd			de.kbd
+ISO8859-15	german.iso.acc.kbd		de.acc.kbd
+CP850		german.cp850.kbd		de.kbd.from-cp850
+
+ISO8859-7	gr.elot.acc.kbd			gr.elot.acc.kbd
+ISO8859-7	gr.us101.acc.kbd		gr.101.acc.kbd
+
+ISO8859-8	iw.iso8.kbd			il.kbd
+
+ISO8859-2	hr.iso.kbd			hr.kbd
+
+ISO8859-2	hu.iso2.101keys.kbd		hu.101.kbd
+ISO8859-2	hu.iso2.102keys.kbd		hu.102.kbd
+
+ARMSCII-8	hy.armscii-8.kbd		am.kbd
+
+ISO8859-1	icelandic.iso.kbd		is.kbd
+ISO8859-1	icelandic.iso.acc.kbd		is.acc.kbd
+
+ISO8859-15	it.iso.kbd			it.kbd
+
+ISO8859-1	jp.106.kbd			jp.kbd
+ISO8859-1	jp.106x.kbd			jp.capsctrl.kbd
+ISO8859-1	jp.pc98.kbd			jp.pc98.kbd
+ISO8859-1	jp.pc98.iso.kbd			jp.pc98.iso.kbd
+
+PT154		kk.pt154.kst.kbd		kz.kst.kbd
+PT154		kk.pt154.io.kbd			kz.io.kbd
+
+ISO8859-1	latinamerican.kbd		latinamerican.kbd
+ISO8859-1	latinamerican.iso.acc.kbd	latinamerican.acc.kbd
+
+ISO8859-4	lt.iso4.kbd			lt.kbd
+
+ISO8859-1	norwegian.iso.kbd		no.kbd
+ISO8859-1	norwegian.dvorak.kbd		no.dvorak.kbd
+
+ISO8859-2	pl_PL.ISO8859-2.kbd		pl.kbd
+ISO8859-2	pl_PL.dvorak.kbd		pl.dvorak.kbd
+
+ISO8859-15	pt.iso.kbd			pt.kbd
+ISO8859-15	pt.iso.acc.kbd			pt.acc.kbd
+
+CP866		ru.cp866.kbd			ru.kbd.from-cp866
+ISO8859-5	ru.iso5.kbd			ru.kbd.from-iso5
+KOI8-R		ru.koi8-r.kbd			ru.kbd
+KOI8-R		ru.koi8-r.shift.kbd		ru.shift.kbd
+KOI8-R		ru.koi8-r.win.kbd		ru.win.kbd
+
+ISO8859-15	spanish.dvorak.kbd		es.dvorak.kbd
+ISO8859-1	spanish.iso.kbd			es.kbd.from-iso1
+ISO8859-1	spanish.iso.acc.kbd		es.acc.kbd
+ISO8859-15	spanish.iso15.acc.kbd		es.kbd
+
+ISO8859-2	si.iso.kbd			si.kbd
+
+ISO8859-2	sk.iso2.kbd			sk.kbd
+
+ISO8859-1	swedish.iso.kbd			se.kbd
+CP850		swedish.cp850.kbd		se.kbd.from-cp850
+
+ISO8859-1	swissfrench.iso.kbd		ch-fr.kbd
+ISO8859-1	swissfrench.iso.acc.kbd		ch-fr.acc.kbd
+CP850		swissfrench.cp850.kbd		ch-fr.kbd.from-cp850
+
+ISO8859-1	swissgerman.iso.kbd		ch.kbd
+ISO8859-1	swissgerman.iso.acc.kbd		ch.acc.kbd
+CP850		swissgerman.cp850.kbd		ch.kbd.from-cp850
+ISO8859-1	swissgerman.macbook.acc.kbd	ch.macbook.acc.kbd
+
+ISO8859-9	tr.iso9.q.kbd			tr.kbd
+
+ISO8859-1	uk.iso.kbd			uk.kbd
+ISO8859-1	uk.iso-ctrl.kbd			uk.capsctrl.kbd
+CP850		uk.cp850.kbd			uk.kbd.from-cp850
+CP850		uk.cp850-ctrl.kbd		uk.capsctrl.kbd.from-cp850
+ISO8859-1	uk.dvorak.kbd			uk.dvorak.kbd
+
+ISO8859-1	us.iso.kbd			us.kbd
+ISO8859-1	us.iso.acc.kbd			us.acc.kbd
+ISO8859-1	us.dvorak.kbd			us.dvorak.kbd
+ISO8859-1	us.dvorakr.kbd			us.dvorakr.kbd
+ISO8859-1	us.dvorakl.kbd			us.dvorakl.kbd
+ISO8859-1	us.dvorakp.kbd			us.dvorakp.kbd
+ISO8859-1	us.dvorakx.kbd			us.dvorakx.kbd
+ISO8859-1	us.emacs.kbd			us.emacs.kbd
+ISO8859-1	us.pc-ctrl.kbd			us.ctrl.kbd
+ISO8859-1	us.unix.kbd			us.unix.kbd
+
+ISO8859-5	ua.iso5.kbd			ua.kbd.from-iso5
+KOI8-U		ua.koi8-u.kbd			ua.kbd
+KOI8-U		ua.koi8-u.shift.alt.kbd		ua.shift.alt.kbd
diff --git a/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/LANG.map b/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/LANG.map
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..29ecbe8da5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/LANG.map
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# $FreeBSD$
+bg bg ISO8859-5
+cs cs ISO8859-2
+da da ISO8859-15
+de de ISO8859-15
+el el ISO8859-7
+en en ISO8859-1
+es es ISO8859-1
+fi fi ISO8859-1
+fr fr ISO8859-1
+hr hr ISO8859-2
+hu hu ISO8859-2
+hy hy ARMSCII-8
+is is ISO8859-1
+it it ISO8859-15
+iw he ISO8859-8
+ja ja ISO8859-1
+kk kk PT154
+nl nl ISO8859-15
+no no ISO8859-1
+pl pl ISO8859-2
+pt pt ISO8859-15
+ro ro ISO8859-1
+ru ru KOI8-R
+sk sk ISO8859-2
+sl sl ISO8859-2
+sv sv ISO8859-1
+tr tr ISO8859-9
+uk uk KOI8-U
diff --git a/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/convert-INDEX.pl b/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/convert-INDEX.pl
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..ec88fc33862
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/convert-INDEX.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#!/usr/local/bin/perl
+# $FreeBSD$
+
+use Text::Iconv;
+use Encode;
+use strict;
+use utf8;
+
+# directories and filenames
+$0 =~ m:^(.*)/:;
+my $dir_convtool = $1 || ".";
+
+my $dir_keymaps_syscons = "/usr/src/share/syscons/keymaps";
+my $dir_keymaps_config = "$dir_convtool";
+
+my $dir_keymaps_vt = "/usr/src/share/vt/keymaps";
+my $dir_keymaps_output = "$dir_keymaps_vt/OUTPUT";
+
+my $keymap_index = "$dir_keymaps_syscons/INDEX.keymaps";
+
+my $language_map = "$dir_keymaps_config/LANG.map";
+my $keymapfile_map = "$dir_keymaps_config/KBDFILES.map";
+
+# global variables
+my %LANG_NEW;		# index: lang_old
+my %ENCODING;		# index: lang_old, file_old
+my %FILE_NEW;		# index: file_old
+
+# subroutines
+sub local_to_UCS_string
+{
+    my ($string, $old_enc) = @_;
+    my $converter = Text::Iconv->new($old_enc, "UTF-8");
+    my $result = $converter->convert($string);
+    printf "!!! conversion failed for '$string' ($old_enc)\n"
+	unless $result;
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub lang_fixup {
+    my ($langlist) = @_;
+    my $result;
+    my $lang;
+    for $lang (split(/,/, $langlist)) {
+	$result .= ","
+	    if $result;
+	$result .= $LANG_NEW{$lang};
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+# main program
+open LANGMAP, "<$language_map"
+    or die "$!";
+while (<LANGMAP>) {
+    next
+	if m/^#/;
+    my ($lang_old, $lang_new, $encoding) = split(" ");
+#    print "$lang_old|$lang_new|$encoding\n";
+    $LANG_NEW{$lang_old} = $lang_new;
+    $ENCODING{$lang_old} = $encoding;
+    $ENCODING{$lang_new} = $encoding;
+}
+close LANGMAP;
+
+$FILE_NEW{"MENU"} = "MENU"; # dummy identity mapping
+$FILE_NEW{"FONT"} = "FONT"; # dummy identity mapping
+open FILEMAP, "<$keymapfile_map"
+    or die "$!";
+while (<FILEMAP>) {
+    next
+	if m/^#/;
+    my ($encoding, $file_old, $file_new) = split(" ");
+#    print "--> ", join("|", $encoding, $file_old, $file_new, $file_locale), "\n";
+    if ($encoding and $file_old and $file_new) {
+	$ENCODING{$file_old} = $encoding;
+	$FILE_NEW{$file_old} = $file_new;
+    }
+}
+close FILEMAP;
+
+open MENUFILE, "<$keymap_index"
+    or die "$!";
+while (<MENUFILE>) {
+    if (m/^$/ or m/^#/) {
+	print;
+    } else {
+	my ($file_old, $langlist, $menutext) = split(/:/);
+	my ($lang) = split(/,/, $langlist); # first language in list selects encoding
+	$menutext = local_to_UCS_string($menutext, $ENCODING{$lang})
+	    unless $file_old eq "FONT";
+	printf "%s:%s:%s", $FILE_NEW{$file_old}, lang_fixup($langlist), $menutext;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/convert-keymap.pl b/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/convert-keymap.pl
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..ce2408abf60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/convert-keymap.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+# $FreeBSD$
+
+use Text::Iconv;
+use Encode;
+use strict;
+use utf8;
+
+die "Usage: $0 filename.kbd CHARSET" unless ($ARGV[1]);
+my $converter = Text::Iconv->new($ARGV[1], "UTF-8");
+
+sub local_to_UCS_string
+{
+    my ($string) = @_;
+
+    return $converter->convert($string);
+}
+
+sub prettyprint_token
+{
+    my ($code) = @_;
+
+    return "'" . chr($code) . "'"
+        if 32 <= $code and $code <= 126; # print as ASCII if possible
+#    return sprintf "%d", $code; # <---- temporary decimal
+    return sprintf "0x%02x", $code
+        if $code <= 255;        # print as hex number, else
+    return sprintf "0x%04x", $code;
+}
+
+sub local_to_UCS_code
+{
+    my ($char) = @_;
+
+    return prettyprint_token(ord(Encode::decode("UTF-8", local_to_UCS_string($char))));
+}
+
+
+sub convert_token
+{
+    my ($C) = @_;
+
+    return $1
+        if $C =~ m/^([a-z][a-z0-9]*)$/; # key token
+    return local_to_UCS_code(chr($1))
+        if $C =~ m/^(\d+)$/;            # decimal number
+    return local_to_UCS_code(chr(hex($1)))
+        if $C =~ m/^0x([0-9a-f]+)$/i;   # hex number
+    return local_to_UCS_code($1)
+        if $C =~ m/^'(.)'$/;            # character
+    return "<?$C?>";                    # uncovered case
+}
+
+sub tokenize { # split on white space and parentheses (but not within token)
+    my ($line) = @_;
+
+    $line =~ s/' '/ _spc_ /g; # prevent splitting of ' '
+    $line =~ s/'\('/ _lpar_ /g; # prevent splitting of '('
+    $line =~ s/'\)'/ _rpar_ /g; # prevent splitting of ')'
+    $line =~ s/([()])/ $1 /g; # insert blanks around remaining parentheses
+    my @KEYTOKEN = split (" ", $line);
+    grep(s/_spc_/' '/, @KEYTOKEN);
+    grep(s/_lpar_/'('/, @KEYTOKEN);
+    grep(s/_rpar_/')'/, @KEYTOKEN);
+    return @KEYTOKEN;
+}
+
+# main program
+open FH, "<$ARGV[0]";
+while (<FH>) {
+    if (m/^#/) {
+	print local_to_UCS_string($_);
+    } elsif (m/^\s*$/) {
+	print "\n";
+    } else {
+	my @KEYTOKEN = tokenize($_);
+	my $at_bol = 1;
+	my $C;
+	foreach $C (@KEYTOKEN) {
+	    if ($at_bol) {
+		if ($C =~ m/^\s*\d/) { # line begins with key code number
+		    printf "  %03d   ", $C;
+		} elsif ($C =~ m/^[a-z]/) { # line begins with accent name or paren
+		    printf "  %-4s ", $C; # accent name starts accent definition
+		} elsif ($C eq "(") {
+		    printf "%17s", "( "; # paren continues accent definition
+		} else {
+		    print "UNKNOWN DEFINITION: $_";
+		}
+		$at_bol = 0;
+	    } else {
+		if ($C =~ m/^([BCNO])$/) {
+		    print " $1"; # special case: effect of Caps Lock/Num Lock
+		} elsif ($C eq "(") {
+		    print " ( ";
+		} elsif ($C eq ")") {
+		    print " )";
+		} else {
+		    printf "%-6s ", convert_token($C);
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	print "\n";
+    }
+}
+close FH;
diff --git a/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/convert-keymaps.pl b/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/convert-keymaps.pl
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..d60b7979519
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/tools/vt/keymaps/convert-keymaps.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+#!/usr/local/bin/perl
+# $FreeBSD$
+
+use Text::Iconv;
+use Encode;
+use strict;
+use utf8;
+
+# directories and filenames
+$0 =~ m:^(.*)/:;
+my $dir_convtool = $1 || ".";
+
+my $dir_keymaps_syscons = "/usr/src/share/syscons/keymaps";
+my $dir_keymaps_config = "$dir_convtool";
+
+my $dir_keymaps_vt = "/usr/src/share/vt/keymaps";
+my $dir_keymaps_output = "$dir_keymaps_vt/OUTPUT";
+
+my $keymap_index = "$dir_keymaps_syscons/INDEX.keymaps";
+
+my $language_map = "$dir_keymaps_config/LANG.map";
+my $keymapfile_map = "$dir_keymaps_config/KBDFILES.map";
+
+# global variables
+my %LANG_NEW;		# index: lang_old
+my %ENCODING;		# index: lang_old, file_old
+my %FILE_NEW;		# index: file_old
+
+# subroutines
+sub local_to_UCS_string
+{
+    my ($string, $old_enc) = @_;
+    my $converter = Text::Iconv->new($old_enc, "UTF-8");
+    my $result = $converter->convert($string);
+    printf "!!! conversion failed for '$string' ($old_enc)\n"
+	unless $result;
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub lang_fixup {
+    my ($langlist) = @_;
+    my $result;
+    my $lang;
+    for $lang (split(/,/, $langlist)) {
+	$result .= ","
+	    if $result;
+	$result .= $LANG_NEW{$lang};
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+# main program
+open LANGMAP, "<$language_map"
+    or die "$!";
+while (<LANGMAP>) {
+    next
+	if m/^#/;
+    my ($lang_old, $lang_new, $encoding) = split(" ");
+#    print "$lang_old|$lang_new|$encoding\n";
+    $LANG_NEW{$lang_old} = $lang_new;
+    $ENCODING{$lang_old} = $encoding;
+    $ENCODING{$lang_new} = $encoding;
+}
+close LANGMAP;
+
+$FILE_NEW{"MENU"} = "MENU"; # dummy identity mapping
+$FILE_NEW{"FONT"} = "FONT"; # dummy identity mapping
+open FILEMAP, "<$keymapfile_map"
+    or die "$!";
+while (<FILEMAP>) {
+    next
+	if m/^#/;
+    my ($encoding, $file_old, $file_new) = split(" ");
+#    print "--> ", join("|", $encoding, $file_old, $file_new, $file_locale), "\n";
+    if ($encoding and $file_old and $file_new) {
+	$ENCODING{$file_old} = $encoding;
+	$FILE_NEW{$file_old} = $file_new;
+    }
+}
+close FILEMAP;
+
+my $kbdfile;
+foreach $kbdfile (glob("$dir_keymaps_syscons/*.kbd")) {
+    my $basename;
+    ($basename = $kbdfile) =~ s:.*/::;
+    my $encoding = $ENCODING{$basename};
+    my $outfile = $FILE_NEW{$basename};
+    if ($encoding and $outfile) {
+	if (-r $kbdfile) {
+	    print "converting from '$basename' ($encoding) to '$outfile' (Unicode)\n";
+	    my $cmdline = "$dir_convtool/convert-keymap.pl $kbdfile $ENCODING{$basename} > $dir_keymaps_output/$outfile";
+	    system "$cmdline";
+	} else {
+	    print "$kbdfile not found\n";
+	}
+    } else {
+	print "Unknown input file: $basename\n";
+    }
+}